Indirect Bonding With Various Bracket System In Lingual Orthodontics.

The indirect bonding technique is pivotal for success in lingual orthodontics. There are different laboratory techniques available for indirect positioning and bonding of lingual brackets. The HIRO system is one of the most used and easy to perform. At the early stages of the 80's, most of the practitioners and the patients have been seduced by lingual But the difficulties of the technique have rapidly given a disappointment. Today ten years later the authors present the progress which have been realized: the evolution of the brackets, the accuracy of their placement in the lab procedures, the making of the wire, the increase in patient's comfort. So this article attempts to review some of the advantages, disadvantages, bracket systems and laboratory procedures of lingual orthodontics.

Molar Distalisation By Palatal Implants- A Case Report.

Palatal implants have been used to establ ish stat ionary anchorage. The stability of a palatal implant for distalization of molars bodily and for anchorage maintenance was assessed. The implant was a stepped screw titanium (4.5 mm diameter x 8.5 mm length), and it was placed in the palatal region. A surgical template containing a metal drill housing was prepared. Angulation of the drill housing was controlled according to the radiologic tracing of the maxilla transferred to a plaster cast section in the paramedian plane. The implant was placed using a noninvasive technique and left transmucosally to facilitate the surgical procedure and to reduce the number of operations. The paramedian region was selected (1) to avoid the connective tissues of the palatine suture and (2) because it is considered to be a suitable host site for implant placement. After three months of healing, the implant was osseointegrated and orthodontic treatment was initiated. The results showed that the molars were distalized bodily at five months, and no anchorage loss was observed. At the end of the treatment, the smile was improved, and an ideal Class I molar and canine relationship, an ideal overbite, and an ideal overjet were all achieved. In conclusion, palatal implants can be used effectively for anchorage maintenance and in space-gaining procedures. Use of a three-dimensional surgical template eliminated implant placement errors, reduced chair time, minimized trauma to the tissues, and enhanced osseointegration. This method can be used effectively to achieve distalization of molars bodily without anchorage loss.